NoSQL systems provides a mechanism for storage and retrieval of data without tabular relations. Characteristics of NoSQL: simplicity of design, simpler “horizontal” scaling to clusters of machines. The data structures used by NoSQL databases (e.g. key-value, wide column, graph, or document) are more flexible, and therefore more difficult to store in relational databases.
Use NoSQL systems if you have non-relational, semi-structured, or unstructured data; with no schema defined.
Technologies: Hortonworks Data Platform (HDP) for Windows, HDInsight, Azure Data Lake Analytics (ADLA), Azure Data Lake Store (ADLS), Spark, Apache HBase, Azure DocumentDB